低碳减排的绿色钢铁冶金技术

低碳减排是钢铁行业面临的最紧迫问题。回顾了国际钢铁工业环境治理、低碳减排技术研发现状,分析了低碳减排的重要发展趋势。高炉-转炉流程应重点发展以氢代焦为代表的低碳高炉炼铁技术,而特钢系统则应以发展富氢气基竖炉直接还原技术为主。特别指出,基于碳捕集和利用(CCU)思想,利用冶金废气制造化工产品是高炉-转炉流程最彻底、最合理、最可持续的减排方式,应当汇聚冶金、化工、能源、信息等行业的技术力量,实施碳排放趋零的钢铁-化工-能源一体化网络集成项目,即神威CCU项目(SCENWI CCU),加紧冶金废气的捕集、输送、处理和化工工艺与产品开发。同时,发挥中国优势,基于工业互联网平台,建设冶金-化工-能源三大系统密切结合、协同管控、稳定运行的智能制造网络系统,解决系统的复杂性、动态性、波动性等关键瓶颈问题,支持钢铁行业碳排放问题的彻底解决,促进钢铁行业可持续、高质量发展。

Green steelmaking technology with low carbon emission

Carbon emission mitigation is the most urgent task for steel industry. Current status and developing trends of environmental treatment and low carbon emission technologies for worldwide steel industry are reviewed and analyzed in this paper. Low carbon ironmaking technology with hydrogen partially replacing coke should be given priority for the blast furnacebasic oxygen furnace process while hydrogen-enriched shaft furnace direct reduction technology for special steel production. Based on the idea of carbon capture and utilization (CCU), chemicals production using metallurgical waste gas is the most thorough yet reasonable and sustainable way for carbon emission mitigation of the steel industry. For this purpose it is necessary to gather the technology strength of steel, chemicals, energy, information and the other related industry to implement the SCENWI (steel-chemicals-energy networking integration) CCU project with near-to-zero carbon emission to accelerate the research on metallurgical waste gas capture, transportation and treatment technology, and develop chemicals production process and products. Meanwhile, it is critical to build an intelligent manufacturing network system with close combination, collaborative management and stable running based on the industrial internet platform and effectively resolve key bottleneck problems on system complexity, dynamics and fluctuation, aiming to completely solve the carbon emission problem and promote sustainable and high-quality development of the steel industry.