空间科学探索相关国际法原则和热点分析

 国际空间法作为一个年轻的国际法新分支，是各国探索和利用外层空间活动依据的国际法原则、规则和制度的总和。近年来，国际空间探索活动掀起新高潮，但国际空间法律制度发展相对滞后，二者之间的矛盾愈发凸显。梳理了国际空间法体系及与空间科学探索相关的主要法律原则，围绕空间碎片减缓、外空资源开发和利用、行星保护、频率和轨道资源分配、空间核动力源以及微小卫星等当前空间科学探索领域最具代表性的国际热点争议法律议题，分析了相关的主要国际法律原则、美欧等国家/地区的法律规定和实施案例等。

Principles and hot spots of international outer space laws related to space science exploration

As a new part of the international law system, the international space law involves a body of laws governing the space-related activities, including a variety of international agreements, treaties, conventions, etc.. In recent years, the international space exploration activities have witnessed a new upsurge. However, the development of the international space law system is lagging behind, and the contradictions between them become increasingly prominent. This paper reviews the international space law system and the main legal principles related to the space science exploration, and analyzes the international law principles, the representative domestic laws and regulations and the implementation cases of the most representative international hot legal issues of the space science exploration in the various areas, such as the space debris mitigation, the space resource exploration and utilization, the planetary protection, the orbit/spectrum allocation, the nuclear power source in outer space and small satellites, to provide a reference for China's space scientific exploration activities.