基于EPR的手机逆向物流空间分析

以废弃手机为例, 通过实地访谈, 总结目前手机逆向物流的3种典型模式。以广东省为例, 采用保有量系数法, 估算全省2020年手机废弃量将达到1662万台, 再利用Gompertz模型预测全省废弃手机的空间分布。在此基础上, 采用市场区划分方法, 分别计算通过城市废物收集系统集中后再运往规范处理厂的环保化回收成本与通过消费者直接寄回的环保化回收成本, 发现前者成本高于后者, 考虑到以二手销售为主要目标的互联网回收模式的净收益, 后者的盈利水平明显更高。目前手机的全生命周期管理需要从产业发展和环境保护的双重目标出发, 有效地整合不同回收模式, 在鼓励二手再利用市场发展的同时, 设计合理的机制, 保证产品最终废弃后的环保化处理。基于生产者责任延伸制度, 品牌企业应发挥龙头作用, 将多种回收模式整合进企业的逆向供应链系统, 实现产品整个生命周期的有效管理。

Spatial Analysis of Reverse Logistics for Waste Mobile Phone Based on Extended Producer Responsibility

This paper takes mobile phone as an example to analyze the innovation of WEEE takeback system in Guangdong. With interviews on various enterprises at different stage along the recycling chain, three models of waste mobile phone collection were identified. Spatial analysis was conducted on the cost of reverse logistics under each model for waste mobile phone collection in Guangdong. The results show that Guangdong will have 16.62 million wasted mobile phones in 2020. The cost of collection for environmental recycling by the municipal waste transportation system is much cheaper than the cost of collection directly by producers. While considering the net profit of internet collection for second-hand sales, the internet collection is more profitable. In conclusion, it is suggested that the producer could integrate the different collection system into their reverse logistic system under the principle of EPR, using the profits from second market sales through internet to cover the cost of environmental recycling.