人力资本视角下农民宅基地退出意愿影响因素研究——以河南省新乡市为例

从人力资本理论视角, 研究农民宅基地退出的意愿和主要影响因素。以中部传统农区河南省新乡市为例, 通过问卷调查和访谈, 并采用Logit模型分析方法, 从人力资本、经济资本和土地资产三方面构建模型。结果表明, 中部传统农区的农民普遍不愿意退出宅基地; 人力资本是影响农民宅基地流转的重要因素, 其中见识水平比受教育水平的影响更显著; 经济资本和土地资产对农民宅基地退出的影响相对不显著。政府应当多从见识水平方面提高农民的人力资本, 如加强相关政策的宣传和教育, 通过培训等措施提高农民非农就业技能, 以期促进宅基地的有效流转。

Study of Quit Willingness of Farmer’s Rural Residential Land from the Prospective of Human Capital: Case of Xinxiang in Henan Province

In order to explore the influence factors of farmers’ quit willingness of their rural residential land from the perspective of human capital theory, the authors report a survey from Xinxiang, a traditional agricultural area in Central China, and research the quit willingness of farmer’s rural residential land through interview and questionnaire survey. The authors build explanatory variable index system from three aspects: human capital, economic capital and land assets. A method of Logit model is applied to explore the main influence factors of farmers’ willingness to quit the right of farmer’s rural residential land. The results indicate that farmers don’t want to transfer their rural residential land in traditional agricultural area. Human capital is the important factor to affect the transfer of farmers’ rural residential land. Farmers’ knowledge and experience is important and significant for their quit willingness, rather than farmers’ education level. In addition, the impact of economic capital and land assets on farmer’s quit willingness is not significant. The research suggests that the government should raise farmers’ human capital from the aspects of enriching farmer’s knowledge and experience.