基于水质目标的异龙湖流域精准治污决策研究

提出面向湖泊水质的工程设计规划方法(即精准治污)。流域精准治污决策建立在以三维水动力–水质模型为核心的时空数值源解析技术基础上, 定量地表达工程措施与水质响应之间的因果关系。以处于重度富营养化的云南异龙湖为例, 针对其短期治理决策问题进行精准治污决策分析。结果显示, 就异龙湖中任一点的水质而言, 在不同的补水情景下, 城河及城北河子流域都是重要的负荷输出源。如果要使湖中和湖东站点水质达标, 需要更全面地考虑各个子流域的污染源控制。当无补水时, 即使大幅度削减污染负荷, 也很难保证水质达标。在补水2000万m³及3500万m³情景下, 补水对湖内3个监测站点的水质改善都比较明显。最后, 在宏观层面上确定不同子流域重点污染控制工程类型, 并在微观层面上, 结合特定污染治理工程, 探讨在流 域精准治污体系下如何开展局地的工程评估。

Object-Oriented Precise Decision-Making (OOPD) for Water Quality Improvementin Lake Yilong

A framework called Object-Oriented Precise Decision-making (OOPD) was proposed which oriented to the lake itself. The framework was based on Numerical Source Apportionment powered by 3-dimensional water quality model, which then quantified the causality of water quality improvement and load reduction. The proposed framework was applied to support short-term decision making of Lake Yilong, a eutrophic lake. Results showed that Chenghe sub-watershed and Chengbeihe sub-watershed were important pollution source no matter considering which monitoring station and under which water diversion scenario. In addition, comprehensive pollution control should be considered to ensure that Huzhong monitoring station or Hudong monitoring station meet water quality standards. However, considerable load reduction cannot guarantee water quality if there was no water diversion. Water quality of three monitoring stations would be improved a lot under 20 and 30 million m³ annual water diversion scenario. Finally, based on the analyses above, suggestion of focused pollution control project was given for each sub-watershed and an evaluation of one bean product wastewater treatment extension project was given to illustrate how to combine micro and macro aspects in OOPD.