碱金属、铵离子和烷基胺在磺酸型阳离子交换树脂柱上以有机酸和无机酸为淋洗液的保留行为

系统研究了碱金属、铵离子和烷基胺在磺酸型阳离子交换树脂柱上以有机酸和无机酸为淋洗液的保留行为．比较了草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸三种有机酸在洗脱碱金属、铵离子和烷基胺时的差异，研究了有机酸和无机酸浓度对离子保留值的影响．在磺酸型阳离子交换树脂柱上，以有机酸或无机酸为淋洗液均可以同时分离碱金属离子(Li^ 、Na^ 、K^ )、铵离子和烷基胺(甲胺、乙胺、正丙胺)．淋洗液中起淋洗作用的阳离子是H^ ．溶质阳离子容量因子对数值与淋洗液中淋洗剂阳离子H^ 浓度对数值之间具有良好的线性关系，直线斜率近似为-1，与文献中溶质保留值方程完全相符．碱金属、铵离子和烷基胺的保留行为符合离子交换机理．随着淋洗液浓度的增加，溶质保留值减小，但溶质的洗脱顺序不变．

RETENTION BEHAVIOR OF ALKALI METALS, AMMONIUM ION AND ALKYL AMINES ON A SULFONIC CATION- EXCHANGE RESIN COLUMN WITH ORGANIC AND INORGANIC ACIDS AS ELUENT

Retention behavior of alkali metals, ammonium ion and alkyl amines on a sulfonic cation-exchange resin column with organic acid and inorganic acid as eluent was studied. The elution and separation of alkali metals, ammonium ion and alkyl amines with three kinds of organic acid (oxalic, citric and tartaric acid) as eluent were compared. The effect of organic acid and inorganic acid concentration on retention value was investigated. The simultaneous separation of alkali metals, ammonium ion and alkyl amines on the sulfonic cation-exchange resin column was achieved with organic acid and inorganic acid as eluent. The retention value of ions decreased with increasing the eluent concentration, but the order of elution for the ions was not changed. The linear relationships between the logarithm of capacity factor of solute cation and the logarithm of concentration of H + in the eluent of citric acid and nitric acid were obtained and the slopes of these relationships were about -1. The results show that alkali metals, ammonium ion and alkyl amines are eluted by ion exchange mechanism.