福州大学城校园生态足迹和生态效率实证研究

根据生态足迹成分法的基本原理和计算模型,评价福州大学城4所高校新校区2006年的校园生态足迹和生态效率,并分析其主要影响因素.研究结果表明,福州大学城新校区的生态足迹、生态效率分别为:福建师范大学37 252.29 hm2、0.71人/hm2;福州大学33 480.58 hm2、0.57人/hm2;闽江学院14 591.67 hm2、0.75人/hm2和福建中医学院8401.79 hm2、0.63人/hm2.在生态足迹成分中,4所高校均表现为能源消费的足迹最大,其次是食物消费和垃圾,这3种成分的足迹之和占了总足迹的95%.校园内宿舍的设施配置、学生来源地、经济收入、男女生比例以及学校的专业领域结构和教学科研手段等多因素综合影响了大学校园生态足迹以及生态效率.根据研究结果针对性地提出降低校园生态足迹,提高校园生态效率应采取的措施.

Research on Ecological Footprint and Efficiency of the University Campuses in Fuzhou City

The principle and mathematical model of the component method of ecological footprint(EF) were introduced firstly,then took four university campuses in Fuzhou as study cases,the ecological footprints(EFs) and ecological efficiencies(EEs) of the four universities in 2006 were calculated and assessmented,as well as the main influenced factors were analyzed.The results showed that the EFs and EEs of the four universities were Fujian Normal University 37 252.29 hm2,0.71 cap/hm2,Fuzhou University 33 480.58 hm2,0.57 cap/hm2,Minjiang University 14 591.67 hm2,0.75 cap/hm2,and Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 8 401.79 hm2,0.63 cap/hm2,respectively.In all the four universities,the EFs of energy consumption was the highest,food consumption was secondary and waste was third.The facilities of the dormitory,source of students,ratio of male and female,students income,area and structure of specialties,as well as the methods of research,all the factors had comprehensive impacts on the EFs and EEs of each university.Furthermore,the practical and meaningful countermeasures of constructing the green campuses were provided.