陕西牛背梁国家级自然保护区鱼类物种多样性调查及保护对策

对陕西牛背梁国家级自然保护区鱼类物种多样性进行了调查 ,采集标本 5 0 0余号 ,经整理分属 2目 3科 7属 7种 .调查得出 :由于该地区地处秦岭南北 ,岭南为长江水系 ,岭北为黄河水系 ,南北共同分布的鱼类仅有一种 ,为拉氏鱼岁 ,占总数的14 .2 8% .长江水系 4种 ,占总数的 5 7% .黄河水系 2种 ,占总数的 2 8.6% .另外发现自然保护区的鱼类种类较少 ,秦岭以南的汉江水系鱼类区系属长江中上游鱼类区系 .秦岭以北的渭河水系鱼类区系主要为黄河中上游鱼类区系 ,其中有高原鱼类区系成分 .在调查中 ,首次发现了秦岭细鳞鲑在石砭河的分布 ,这也是其至今在秦岭分布的最东端 ,在动物地理演化分布上具有重要科学价值 .对于秦岭细鳞鲑提出了以建立自然保护区为主的一系列保护对策 .

Species diversity and protective suggestion of fish in Shaanxi Niubeiliang nature reserve

More than 500 specimens of fish is collected by investigating in Shaanxi Niubeiliang National Nature Reserve, which belong of 2 orders 3 families 7 genera 7 species. The water system of the Reserve includes two: Huanghe and Changjiang River system, respectively distribute the north and south side of the main ridge of the Niubeiliang. Only 1 species distribute in both two side, occupying 14.29% of the total species; 4 merely distribute in south side, occupying 57.14%; 2 merely in north side, occupying 28.57%. The south fish fauna belong to that of middle and upper reaches of Changjiang River and the north belong to that of Huanghe River, and the later has the component of plateau fish. In this investigation, the fine scale fish (Brachymystax lenok), which has important scientific value of zoogeographic evolvement and distribution, is found from Shibianyu River, the most east place of the species distributing in the Qingling Mountains, and a series of protective suggestion are put forth, which main point is to establish nature reserve.