合肥环城公园开放空间与游憩行为关系研究

目的 探究各类开放空间与游憩行为之间的关系,提出该类型城市公园开放空间的景观提升与规划建议。方法 以合肥老城区的环城公园开放空间为研究对象,采用游憩行为观察法(SOPARC)、大数据分析、核密度估算法(KDE)、主成分分析等研究方法,从定性和定量相结合的角度把握该类城市公园开放空间与游憩行为之间的关系。结果 ①城市公园开放空间中游憩行为的需求主要来自附近居民、儿童及老人;②不同类型的开放空间与游憩行为之间的关系差异较大:绿化空间中游憩行为数量和丰富度最高;铺地空间和广场空间游憩行为发生频率较高,但类型较少;滨水空间游憩行为频率和丰富度均较低;③空间开敞度、空间绿化与铺装程度、空间可达性、空间亲水性是空间品质的主要影响因子;④大部分空间中观赏性游憩行为每百平方米密度低于3.0件,且主要集中在滨水空间;休闲性游憩行为每百平方米密度最高达10.34件;娱乐性游憩行为密度整体较低且波动趋势平缓;体育性游憩行为密度波动较大。结论 城市公园开放空间内游憩行为的类型和特征差异较大,且各类游憩行为对空间品质的偏好度不同。

Recreational preferences among different open spaces in a ring city park of Hefei

【Objective】 Based on the relationship between various types of open spaces and recreation behaviors, we propose landscape improvement and planning suggestions for urban park open spaces. 【Method】 In this study, we used the open space of the ring park in the old town of Hefei as the research object and analytical methods including the system for observing play and recreation in communities(SOPARC), big data analytics, kernel density estimation(KDE) and the principal component analysis, to determine the relationship between the urban park open spaces and recreation behaviors from a combined qualitative and quantitative perspective.【Result】 ① The demand for recreation behaviors in urban park open spaces is mainly from nearby residents, children and the elderly. ② The relationship between the different types of open spaces and recreation behaviors is quite different: the number and richness of recreation activities are the highest in green spaces, and the frequency of recreation behaviors is high, but the types are less in pavement and square spaces, the frequency and richness of recreation behavior in the waterfront space are low. ③ Space openness, space greenness, pavement degree, space accessibility and space hydrophilicity are the main factors influencing the space quality. ④ In most spaces, the density of ornamental recreation activities per 100 square meters is less than 3.0 instances, mainly concentrated in the waterfront space. The average density of amusement activities per 100 square meters is the highest, with up to 10.34 instances. The density of leisure activities is low, and the fluctuation trend is gentle. The density of sports recreation behavior fluctuates significantly.【Conclusion】 The types and characteristics of recreation behaviors in open spaces of urban parks vary considerably, and the degree of preference of various recreational behaviors to the space quality is different.