免疫系统人源化小鼠模型的现状及应用

摘要: 实验动物模型在医学生命科学发展中发挥着重要作用。某些病原微生物仅仅特异对人类具有易感性及致病性。由于缺乏理想的实验动物模型限制了人们对疾病发病机理的理解及预防治疗。因动物种属差异，许多对小鼠有效的药物及疫苗不能有效地用于人类疾病的治疗或预防。通过将人的胚胎胸腺、造血干细胞等移植到免疫缺陷小鼠可有效地建立人类天然与适应性免疫系统，即免疫系统人源化小鼠。该小鼠的成功建立为免疫系统相关疾病研究及免疫药物研发提供了良好实验模型。本文主要对免疫系统人源化小鼠模型的建立、发展及其在感染等研究中的应用进行简要综述。

Progress and Application of Mouse Models with Human Immunity

Abstract: Animal models play a critical role in our understanding biomedicine sciences． The shortage of idealanimal models always limited our research in certain pathogen infection diseases such as HIV infection． Due to thespecies difference，some drugs and vaccines work well in certain animals but are not applicable for humans．Transplantation of fetal human thymus tissue，hematopoietic stem cells or immune cells into immune deficient micewill significantly establish human immunity． These humanized mouse models offered ideal models for studies onhuman immune system and immune-related diseases，and screening medicine and vaccines． The present paper willbriefly introduce these humanized mouse models and their application．