莎剧《麦克白》中动物文化词的比喻及汉译

作为文学作品中常见的意象，动物在莎士比亚创作的戏剧中，通过明喻、暗喻及借喻等比喻修辞手段，得到了充分而广泛的运用，因而也受到众多莎剧研究者的关注。《麦克白》是莎剧中充分运用动物意象构造故事的一个典型。英汉文化中很多动物在喻意上差异较大，故在从事莎剧中动物文化词的翻译时要充分注意到同一动物文化词在两种文化中的涵义是否相同。

On Figures of Comparisons by Animal Words in Macbeth and Their Translation

As the common images, animals are widely used in Shakespeare’ s dramas through the figures of comparisons such as simile and metaphor. As a result, they have drawn great attention from researchers on Shakespeare’ s dramas. Macbeth is an epitome of Shakespeare’ s dramas in which animals play an im-portant part in constructing stories. The differences in English and Chinese cultural traditions and cultural mentality give rise to such a phenomenon：the same animal word in English and Chinese culture stands for different meanings. We should pay more attention to animal words when translating them from English to Chinese.