我国行政应急行为司法审查若干问题探讨

不同于常态行政行为的司法审查，行政应急行为司法审查需在实定法的立法意图推断和法治的基本价值理念之中寻求合法性源流。在行政应急行为司法审查的实体性问题上，应当拓展现行行政诉讼受案范围、发展合理性审查标准、明确应急管理规范的适用地位、规定复合型和多元化的证明责任及标准。在程序性问题上，应当明确行政应急行为的管辖法院和诉讼各方主体资格、构建公私利益兼顾的诉讼时间和时效、扩展“变更判决”的适用范围。从而在确保行政机关有效应对公共危机的基础上，充分保障应急过程中相对人的合法权益。

Discussion upon the Judicial Review of the Administrative Emergency Action

Differing with the judicial review of normal administrative action, the administrative emergency action needs to seek the source of legality by referring to legislative intention and basic value of the rule of the law. As to the substantivity issue of the judicial review of the administrative action, there is a need to expand the current scope of the accepted case of the administrative litigation, develop the reasonable standard of review, ascertain the legal status of emergency management legislation and establish diverse and plural standards of proof. In the aspect of procedural issues, it is essential to make clear the jurisdic- tion of the court as well as qualification of parties in actions, design limitation of action with public and private interest balanced, extend the application scope of the alteration judgment, which aims to fully se- cure the counterpart＇ s interests on the premise of assuring the efficiency in dealing with public crisis by administrative bodies.