风沙运动的力学机理研究

风沙运动机理研究是认识土壤风蚀、沙尘天气(甚至沙尘暴)以及风沙灾害本质,进而实现有效防治的基础。其中所涉及的诸如多尺度、多场耦合、随机性、非线性、尺度效应和复杂系统等科学问题也是当今科学前沿所关注的共性和热点课题。本文在简要回顾与风沙运动力学机理研究相关的已有工作的基础上,重点介绍了兰州大学风沙环境力学研究组针对风沙流中的沙粒带电量和风沙电场的基本规律及其对风沙流和无线电通讯的影响、风沙流发展过程的理论预测、固沙结构有效尺寸的分析、风成地貌主要特征的计算机模拟等方面所开展的研究工作。

On Mechanism of Wind-blown Sand Movement

The mechanism of wind-blown sand movement serves a basis in understanding wind erosion, dust weather (including dust storm) and blown sand disaster, and also a basis in effectively preventing the sand related disasters. It is closely related to many scientific problems such as the multi-scale problem, the coupling of multi fields, randomness, non-linearity, the effect of scale as well as complex system. These problems are also among hotspots in scientific frontline. This paper briefly reviews the research work on mechanism of wind-blown sand movement, and focuses on recent studies of the research group of environmental mechanics on wind blown sand movement in Lanzhou University. They include the basic laws governing the particle charge and electric field in the blown sand flux, the effects of sand electrification on telecommunication, theoretical simulation of the evolution process of windblown sand flux, theoretical analysis on the effective size of blown sand fixing structures, and the main features of Aeolian sand ripples.