外来海洋物种入侵风险评估模式*

以外来海洋生物入侵过程和机制分析为基础，结合多层次模糊综合判别，构建外来生物入侵的风险分析框架和风险评估模式。通过建立海洋生物入侵风险评估的分层指标体系，确定指标因子的隶属度和损害权重赋值标准，明确外来海洋物种入侵风险综合指数的计算方法、风险级别划分标准和入侵风险预警分析方法。以米草属植物(大米草、互花米草、狐米草)为例，进行海洋植物入侵种的风险评估。结果表明：互花米草和大米草为高风险海洋植物入侵种，狐米草为中等风险的海洋植物入侵种。

An invasive risk assessment model of alien marine species

To assess the invasion risk of alien marine species, an invasive risk assessment model was constructed based on the analysis of the biological invasions processes and mechanisms, which combined with the multi-hierarchy fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Through to establish risk assessment index of marine biological invasions, the definition of the invasive factor and subjection degree of qualitative index, and evaluated the weight of invasion damage, a clear risk assessment composite index of marine invasive alien species was calculated. The invasive risk of Spartina plantations (such as Spartina anglica, Spartina alterniflora and Spartina patens) were assessed by this model. The results identified the grade of cordgrass Spartina alterniflora and Spartina anglica as very high risk, and Spartina patens as medium one.