谈新课程理念及实践中的杜威情结

20世纪以来,中国的教育、教学改革一直深受杜威(John,Deney)的启发、影响。杜威坚持教育"实验"研究,他的教育理论著作不仅有其深厚的实用主义课程哲学理想,而且始终贯穿其心理学理念。他的"儿童中心"(学生为本),"做中学"(实践出真知),"教育即生活"(体验生活、回归生活)的本质诉求等等都充分体现在2001年以来中国基础教育课程改革理论与实践中。然而中国的现实结构,国情变化发展又不断冲击着成长变化迅猛的青少年"独生子女",为此,思考中国课改中的"杜威情结",一方面检讨现实儿童世界应予关注的问题,另一方面梳理"杜威现象"对中国教育进程、教育改革的影响,从而进一步反思"教育即生活"的基础教育教学。

On the Dewey Complex in the Ideas and Practice of Curriculum Reform

John Dewey has been influencing reform in education and pedagogy in China since the 20th century.J.Dewey insisted on experimental research,and his theory on education was not only deeply based on pragmatism and curriculum philosophy,but also psychological ideals.The theory and practice of China's curriculum reform in basic education since 2001 has drawn inspirations from ideals of his "child-centered education",i.e.pupil-based;"try-by-error",i.e.Genuine knowledge coming from practice;"education as life",i.e.experiencing the life and essential pursuit of returning to life.The changing and developing situation,structure and characteristics of China,however,frequently shocks the new "only child" generation who are growing and changing fast.Therefore,rethinking the Dewey complex of the curriculum reform in China can review what should be concerned of the present child world.On the other hand,analyze the impact of the "Dewey phenomenon" on educational progress and reform in education,and further rethink the basic education and pedagogy.