残疾人竞技体育伦理问题的审视与解读

研究采用文献资料法,逻辑分析法,以正义论、元伦理学理论为基础,从残疾人体育竞技化、女性残疾人竞技、残疾人竞技体育的融合与分隔,以及科技对残疾人竞技体育影响入手,对残疾人竞技体育进行了剖析和思辨.研究发现对残疾人竞技认识的模糊不是来自体育竞技上而是来自＂残疾＂,即过多的集中在残疾人群体的生理特征上,而有意无意的忽略了人本属性第一位.在理解残疾人竞技时,必须要以＂人本＂的思想对残疾人竞技给予足够认同,而不是过多的以医学视角讨论残疾人的身体差异.其次,在正确把握残疾人体育竞技化发展的基础上,理解这一过程中表现出来的各种伦理问题.最后,回归伦理学中相关理论思想,结合残疾人身体的特性,确保残疾人不分种族、性别、残疾程度、残疾类型、经济基础,都能公平、平等的参与竞技.

Ethic Study on the Competitive Sport for People with a Disability

Based on the theories of justice and metaethics, the research analyzed the phenomena of the competitivesport for the people with a disability, sport for the female with a disability, the inclusion and segregation of the competitive sport for people with a disability and the effects of high techniques on the competitive sport for people with a disability through literature review and logical analysis. The results show that the obscure cognition of the competitive sports for the disabled does not originate from sport itself, but from ＂disability＂, which means too much attention is attached to the physiological features of the disabled, while human nature is ignored. When trying to understand the competitive sports for the disabled, it should identify the competitiveness sport for the disabled with ＂humanism＂, but not discuss the physical differences of the disabled from the perspective of medical science. It also should understand every ethic problem which presents in the progress. Finally, it should ensure the disabled with different race, gender, the degree of disability, the type of disability or economic base can participate the competitive sports fairly and equally.