陶瓷超塑性综述

现已公认超塑性是陶瓷中一种很有潜力的变形工艺.本文总结了陶瓷及其它非金属材料中超型性的主要特点并考察了这些材料中相变与组织两种超塑性的报导.结果表明其与金属既有相同又有不同之处.相同的是应变速率随应力及晶粒尺寸的变化,重要的区别是必须考虑到陶瓷中的晶间非晶相的作用.在金属间化合物及地质材料中超塑性同样也是重要的,在地质材料中无论在试验室试验或自然界的变形中部有超塑变形的迹象.

Review for Superplasticity in Ceramics

It is now recognized that superplasticity is a potential deformation process in ceramics. This review summarizes the major characteristics of superplasticity and examines the reports of both transformation and structural superplasticity in ceramic and other non-metallic materials. It is shown that there are both similarities to and differences from metals. Similarities include the variation of strain rate with stress and grain size, but an important difference is the necessity to consider the role of intergranular glassy phases in ceramics. Superplasticity is also important in intermetallic compounds, and in geological materials where there is evidence for superplastic deformation both in laboratory experiments and in natural deformation.