玛纳斯河流域地貌初步研究

玛纳斯河是天山北麓最大的一条河流,由于天山的隆升,在天山北麓形成了一系列的褶皱和断层,这一构造格局控制着玛纳斯河地貌的发育和演化.根据野外调查,玛纳斯河流域地貌由南向北横穿流域内的5个地貌带,即山地地貌带,山前褶皱低山丘陵带,串珠状冲积扇带,平原曲流带,玛纳斯河尾闾沙漠、湖泊带.同时玛纳斯河在不同地貌带塑造出了不同的河谷地貌.流域内新构造活动比较显著,表现为近东西向的活动褶皱与活动逆断裂,而且构造对地貌发育有明显控制作用,如山前褶皱丘陵形态为南翼缓,北翼陡,河流阶地发生拱曲和错断变形,冲积扇串珠状发育等.

Study on the Landform of Manas River Valley

The Manas River is the largest river in the north margin of the Tianshan Mountains. The uplift of the Tianshan Mountains has led to a series of arc and strike-slip faults in the area. The tectonic framework has been controlling and influencing the pattern and the evulutional process of landform. Based on the field measurement the Manas River geomorphology has been discussed. From south to north, the Manas River flows through five landform zones, which are mountains, fold hills and fans zone, plain and meander subsidence zones, Manas River tail zone. Different river landforms are figured by different landform zones. It is one of the regions that are characterized by active folds and faults with west and east trend. And the landform is controlled by active tectonics. So the piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains is steep in the northern limb and gentle in the southern limb. River terraces are deformed and dislocated by anticline and faults, and fans developed like a string of beads.