预先危险性评价方法中原因事件与触发事件辨析

目前国内在应用预先危险性分析(PHA)方法进行安全评价时,普遍存在对分析项目中的原因事件和触发事件的本质认识不清和混淆使用的问题,造成评价结论和提出的对策措施不准确.本文通过对预先危险性分析方法的全面分析,在对比该方法各种工作表中各项研究内容差异的基础上,结合通用工作表格中的研究内容,对原因事件和触发事件的区别和联系进行了辨识.通过研究得出,原因事件是指产生潜在危害的技术缺陷或管理失误等方面的原因,以及导致产生危险因素的非期望事件或错误;触发事件是指使危险因素转化为潜在危害的非期望发生的事件或错误,以及使发生事故的条件进一步积聚的事件及错误.

Analysis of Cause Event and Trigger Event in Preliminary Hazard Analysis

It is often the case that,when the preliminary hazard analysis is used for the safety assessment,the nature of the cause event and the trigger event is not understood clearly,and these two events are usually confused.This results in the inaccurate evaluation conclusions and countermeasures.In this paper,the preliminary hazard analysis approach was analyzed,the differences between the items in various worksheets for the approach were determined,and the difference and connection between the cause events and the trigger events with respect to the items in the generic worksheets were recognized.The results show that the cause event refers to the technology defect or the management defect resulting in the potential hazards,and the unexpected events or error leading to the risk factors,and that the trigger event is the unexpected events or error which can transfer the risk factors to the potential hazards,and the events or error which can further accumulate the conditions for accidents.