低纬度高海拔地区室外湿球黑球温度简化计算方法

湿球黑球温度(WBGT)是获得国际标准体系ISO7243认证的热环境评价指标,美国、澳大利亚、日本和中国等国都采用该指标。目前,室外湿球黑球温度的简化计算大多是以低海拔地区的实测为基础进行归纳或验证,为研究低纬度高海拔地区室外WBGT的简化计算方法,以低纬度高海拔典型城市贵阳市为例,对夏季不同海拔高度的空气温度、太阳辐射、相对湿度、风速、气压和WBGT等数据进行Pearson相关性分析和分层回归分析。结果表明:除风速外,其他4个参数与WBGT线性相关可纳入回归模型。在分层回归中,加入气压参数可以提高空气温度、太阳辐射和相对湿度对WBGT预测水平,回归模型具有统计意义,纳入模型的4个自变量对WBGT的影响也均有统计学意义。室外热环境评价和实测中,不同地区采用经验公式需要先进行验证,建议高海拔地区在WBGT的计算模型中加入气压参数来提高预测准确度。

Simplified calculation method of outdoor wet bulb globe temperature for areas with low latitude and high altitude

Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is the thermal environmental index that acquired the ISO7243 authentication of the international standard system,which is adopted by countries including America, Australia, Japan and China, etc. Currently, most of the simplified calculation of the outdoor WBGT is summarized or verified based on the actual measurement in low altitude areas. To research the simplified calculation method of outdoor WBGT for areas with low latitude and high altitude, taking Guiyang, a typical city with low latitude and high altitude, as an example, we conducted Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis on the air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed, air pressure and WBGT of different altitudes in summer. The result shows that except the wind speed, other four parameters are of linear dependence with WBGT, and can be brought into the regression model. In the hierarchical regression, adding in air pressure can improve the prediction approach of air temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity to WBGT, the regression model has statistical significance and so does the influence of the four independent variables added into the model on WBGT. In the outdoor thermal environment evaluation and actual measurement, empirical formulas need to be verified first when adopted in different regions, and it is suggested to add the air pressure parameters in WBGT calculation model to improve the prediction accuracy at high altitude.