The Arp2/3 complex: a central regulator of the actin cytoskeleton |
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Authors: | RC May |
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Institution: | (1) School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom), Fax +44 121 414 5925, e-mail: r.c.may@bham.ac.uk, GB |
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Abstract: | In recent years the Arp2/3 complex has emerged as a central regulator of actin dynamics, assembling and cross-linking actin
filaments to produce a diverse array of cellular structures. Here I discuss our current state of knowledge about this actin-remodelling
machine. The predicted structure of the Arp2/3 complex can be directly correlated with its ability to nucleate, cap and cross-link
actin filaments. A growing family of Arp2/3 complex activators such as the WASP family, type I myosins, and the newly identified
activators cortactin and Abp1p tightly regulate this activity within the cell. Localised activation of the Arp2/3 complex
produces structures such as lamellipodia or actin patches via a process termed dendritic nucleation. Furthermore, several
pathogenic microorganisms have evolved strategies to 'hijack' the Arp2/3 complex to their own advantage. Finally, I discuss
some of the questions which remain unanswered about this fascinating complex.
Received 2 April 2001; received after revision 15 May 2001; accepted 18 May 2001 |
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Keywords: | , Arp2/3 complex, actin cytoskeleton, WASP, dendritic nucleation, Listeria, |
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