长沙市“两型”社会建设中大气污染经济损失估算

基于"两型"社会资源节约、环境友好的思路,通过查阅长沙市相关统计资料,并结合该地区的实际情况,应用环境经济学的原理与方法,从多个角度考虑并建立模型,估算了2008—2015年长沙市大气污染造成的经济损失,并对大气污染造成的生态损失进行了分析.结果表明, 2015年大气污染总体损失是2008年的2.94倍,其中:最高的是建筑腐蚀损失,达到3.16倍;其次是家庭清洗费(2.62倍)、森林损失(2.45倍)和农作物损失(2.23倍);人体健康损失最少,为1.69倍. 2015年长沙市GDP总量为8 510.13亿元,当年的环保支出为19.87亿元,占GDP总值的0.23%.虽然2008—2015年长沙市政府对环保投资力度不断加大,但相对整体经济发展来说,投资力度尚显不够.

Economic Loss Assessment Caused by Air Pollution of Changsha Two Type Society

Based on the resource-saving and environment-friendly society, the economic loss of air pollution in Changsha from 2008 to 2015 is estimated. By consulting the relevant data of Changsha, and combining the actual situation in the area, with the help of comprehensive model of environmental economics, the economic losses caused by air pollution in Changsha from 2008 to 2015 is estimated and analyzed. The results show that the total loss of air pollution in 2015 was 2.94 times that of 2008. Among them, Of these, the highest was the building corrosion loss of 3.16 times, followed by the household cleaning fee of 2.62 times, the forest loss of 2.45 times) and the crop loss of 2.23 times, while the loss of human health was the least, which was 1.69 times. The environmental protection expenditure in 2015 was 1.987 billion, accounting for 0.23% of the total GDP in Changsha. Although the local government has invested more, it is still not sufficient compared with the overall economic development.