一种适合中药利尿药理实验的家兔筛选方法

目的研究一种适合中药利尿药理实验的家兔筛选方法并确定其关键因素。方法动物置代谢笼中自由饮水进食。每日早晨定时测量24 h进水量,并收集24 h尿液,测量24 h尿量、尿液渗透压、尿钠浓度、尿钾浓度,并每在日进食4 h后经胃管灌服蒸馏水100 mL/只,调整尿液渗透压。结果家兔24 h尿渗透压基本上与24 h进水量、尿量呈直线负相关(r=-0.725,r=-0.819);与24 h尿钠、尿钾浓度呈直线正相关(r=0.760,r=0.859);24 h尿液渗透压大约调整在200~800 mOs m/L范围内时,与之基本相关的24 h进水量、尿量、尿钠、尿钾浓度都相对集中地稳定在家兔生理范围内。结论24 h尿渗透压是本筛选方法的关键因素。通过给予水负荷控制24 h尿渗透压稳定在大约200~800 mOs m/L范围内,使动物24 h尿量、尿钠、尿钾浓度都相对集中地稳定在动物生理范围内,从而确保动物排尿功能相对均一,进而适合中药利尿药理实验。

A Method of Screening the Rabbits Suited to Diuretic Pharmacological Experiment on Chinese Medicinal Herbs

Objective To delve into the method of screening the rabbits suited to diuretic pharmacological experiment on Chinese medicinal herbs and determine the key factors. Methods The rabbits were placed in the metabolic cages ad lib food and drink and 100 mL distilled water was orally administered to every rabbit 4 hours after taking food once every day so as to adjust urine osmotic pressure. 24-hour water-intake was measured once every day. 24-hour urine was collected and 24-hour urine volume was measured. The osmotic pressure, Na concentration, and K concentration of 24-hour urine were determined. Results The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine was negatively correlated with 24-hour water-intake and 24-hour urine volume, and was positively correlated with Na concentration and K concentration of 24-hour urine. The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine was 200 - 800 mOsm/L, and the relative 24-hour water-intake, 24-hour urine volume, Na concentration, and K concentration of 24-hour urine were within the physiological range. Conclusion The osmotic pressure of 24-hour urine is key factor of the screening method. 24-hour urine volume, Na concentration, and K concentration of 24-hour urine can be stabilized within the physiological range by adjusting urine osmotic pressure, which enables the animal to micturate homogeneously.