晚清吉林的实业教育

从19世纪末到20世纪初,在洋务运动中创办的吉林机器局,为筹划旗人生计而设立的吉林旗务处工厂,在倡导实业中兴办的吉林农事试验场,为推广蚕业而建立的吉林山蚕局等,均有附设学校。这些学校多属于艺徒学堂,办学宗旨明确,规章制度健全,考试方法多样,实行“以产为主,产学结合,寓教于产,学以致用”的办学模式,表明在晚清吉林的实业教育已经初具雏形。

Industrial Education in Jilin in Late Qing Dynasty

During the period from the end of 19th century to the beginning of 20th century,a lot of enterprises in Jilin such as Jilin Arsenal Bureau set up during the Westernization Movement,Jilin Department of Manchu General Affairs Factory opened for planning the livelihood of Manchu people,Jilin Farming Testing ground established in the course of advocating industry,and Jilin Bureau of Tussah founded for popularizing silkworm industry,had their own affiliated schools.Most of the schools,which were run in an old-style apprentice-enrolling way,had a very clear teaching aim,a set of perfect rules and regulations and various testing methods,and carried out a mode of running school which was characteristic by following four rules:rules of taking production as the leading factor,combining production and studying,making production a medium of education,and studying for the purpose of application.So it is clear that industrial education was taking place in the late period of Qing Dynasty.