侵蚀红壤肥力退化的特性研究

对 6个不同利用方式的坡地侵蚀红壤退化试验小区的理化、生物学性质进行了测定和分析 ,结果表明 :一方面 ,随着垦种年限、红壤熟化程度的提高 ,地表径流量和泥沙流失量大幅减低 ,水稳性团聚体数量增加 ,土壤养分含量提高 ,红壤的肥力状况得到了显著改善 ;另一方面 ,随着水土流失加剧 ,土壤容重增加 ,孔度减小 ,结构性变差 ,有机质、全氮、土壤微生物量及其酶活性也都随之下降 .在 6种不同利用方式对水土流失和红壤肥力改善的影响方面 ,林地比草地的调节作用强 ,阔叶林比针叶林的作用大 .

Research on characteristics of eroded red soil degradation

This paper analyzes the physical, chemical and biological properties of the red soil on six experimental plots with different use patterns. The results showed that with the degradation of vegetation, soil erosion was aggravated, the soil had higher soil compact, lower total porosity and lower physical moisture. The content of soil nutrients such as organic substances, total nitrogen and microbial biomass and the activity of enzyme was also lower. On the other hand, the eroded red soil had been obviously improved with increment of cultivated time and soil nature degree after virescence, mainly including the amount of runoff and sediment loss decreased greatly, increment of water-stabled aggregates, and the improvement of soil nutrient content. Compared with the effects of six various use patterns on soil and water loss control and red soil fertility improvement, the woodlands were better than grasslands, and the broadleaf forest was better than conifer forest.