葡萄的随机扩增多态性DNA研究

采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)对11个样品进行了研究．这11个品种包含1个欧美杂交种，一个中国野生种(Vitis．piasezkii Var．pagnucii)，9个欧亚种(Vitis．vinifera L)．选择了多态性好的7个10碱基寡聚糖核苷酸作为随机扩增的引物，在琼脂糖凝胶电泳上产生了76条带，其中63条具有多态性．各引物产生的条带从6到13不等，平均为10．86条／模板，其中9条具有多态性，表明葡萄基因的多态性十分丰富．通过遗传相似性分析表明11个葡萄基因的Nei氏相似性系数分布为0．1027-1．1787，平均相似系数为0．459．通过非加权算术平均数聚类法，获得了11个葡萄品种之间的遗传关系树图，欧亚种群，东亚种群和欧美杂种在遗传关系树图上被成功地聚为3组．本实验发现欧亚种和欧美杂种亲缘关系较近，而和中国野生种亲缘关系远．在欧亚种中，520A和S04的遗传距离最近，其次是井川1010和美人指，最大的遗传距离发生在桑无核和其他欧亚种之间．

Genetic diversity in several grapevines based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on 1 wild grape species native to China. 1 interspecific hybrid and 9 genotypes of Vitis vinifera L. 63 polymorphic bands of the total 76 bands generated from the 7 10-mer primers were clearly produced on electrophoresis The number of total bands for each primer to all samples varied from 6 to 13 with an average of 10.86 bands/templates, among which 9 are polymorphic bands. Estimated by the Nei's similarity coefficients, the genetic distance between two accessions ranged from 0.1027 to 1.1787 with an average of 0.4590. In the dendrogram formed by UPGMA, the largest genetic distance has been found between Vitis. piasezkii maxim, var. pagnicii and Vitis vinifera L. Interspecific hybid and Vitis vinifera L. have a close genetic relationship.