草原保护中的路径依赖与牧民生计困境——以西南地区R县为例

在草原生态保护中,R县优先采用传统的“输血式”草原生态保护补助机制,倾向于对牧民进行经济上的补贴,而对当地“造血”功能的培育则处于次要地位。当牧民对“输血式”草原生态保护补助机制形成路径依赖,心理上和行动上不认可甚至排斥新兴的“造血”政策,他们仍然寄希望于通过补贴维持生计。认为实现既能保护草原生态环境又能帮助牧民走出生计困境的目标,需从提高牧民的科学文化水平、科学发展现代畜牧业以及旅游业、改善牧区生存环境等方面努力,以打破牧民的路径依赖。

“Path Dependence” and Plight of Herdsmen in Grassland Ecology Protection——Taking R county in southwest region as an example

In grassland ecology protection, R county preferentially adopts the traditional “blood transfusion” grassland ecology protection subsidy mechanism which aims to provide herders financial subsidies rather than develop the local “blood-making” ability. When the herders are dependent on “blood transfusion” grassland ecology protection subsidy mechanism, they will not accept or even reject the new policy in thought and action and still hope to keep their livelihood through subsidies. In order to protect grassland ecological environment and help the herdsmen out of plight, the paper proposes that the scientific and cultural ability of the herdsmen be improved, modern animal husbandry and tourism be scientifically developed, the living environment be bettered and the “path dependence” be broken.