"中国式"电炉炼钢流程碳排放特点及其源解析

电炉炼钢流程，因其注入过多铁水在中国并未发挥减碳作用，本文称其为“中国式”电炉炼钢流程.对此，本文在建立研究边界的基础上，结合排放因子法，构建了“中国式”电炉炼钢流程的碳排放桑基图，探寻碳排放的路径.结果显示:采用“中国式”电炉炼钢，吨钢CO₂排放量为3.070t.其中，电炉炼钢工序CO₂排放量最大，为1.400t.特别地，代替废钢加入铁水导致CO₂排放1.419t.分析发现:中国钢铁企业处于成长期，废钢指数小，废钢资源不足;废钢回收利用系统不完善;工业用电价格高.这些因素造成电炉炼钢流程采用了过多的铁水进行冶炼.

CO2 Emissions Characteristics and Source Analysis of “Chinese Style” Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Route

Electric arc furnace steelmaking route does not play the role of carbon reduction in China due to the excessive use of hot metal. This unique route is called the “Chinese style” electric arc furnace steelmaking route. Employing the emission factor method， the Sankey diagram of CO₂ emissions of “Chinese style” electric arc furnace steelmaking route is built to explore the path of carbon emissions. The results show that the CO₂ emissions per ton of steel in the whole route are 3.070t， among which the CO₂ emissions from electric arc furnace steelmaking takes the largest share of 1.400t. Particularly， excessive CO₂ emissions of 1.419t are produced because of the utilization of hot metal for electric arc furnace steelmaking. The reason for the excessive use of hot metal is that China’s steel industry is in the developing period， the scrap steel index is low， the recovery and utilization system of scrap steel is incomplete and the price of industrial electricity is high.