Purine and pyrimidine receptors |
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Authors: | G Burnstock |
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Institution: | (1) Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK |
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Abstract: | Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), in addition to its intracellular roles, acts as an extracellular signalling molecule via
a rich array of receptors, which have been cloned and characterised. P1 receptors are selective for adenosine, a breakdown
product of ATP, produced after degradation by ectonucleotidases. Four subtypes have been identified, A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptors. P2 receptors are activated by purines and some subtypes also by pyrimidines. P2X receptors are ligand-gated ion
channel receptors and seven subunits have been identified, which form both homomultimers and heteromultimers. P2Y receptors
are G protein-coupled receptors, and eight subtypes have been cloned and characterised to date.
Received 22 November 2006; received after revision 11 January 2007; accepted 27 February 2007 |
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Keywords: | Cloned receptors gene regulation G protein-coupled receptors heteromultimers ion channel receptors P1 receptor P2X receptor P2Y receptor |
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