叶轮出口宽度对离心泵性能及压力脉动的影响

以某型单级单吸离心泵为研究对象,在保证叶轮的进出口安装角、进出口直径等参数不变的情况下,分别设计了五组不同出口宽度的叶轮,依次对各模型进行数值模拟,分析叶轮出口宽度对低比转速离心泵的性能及压力脉动的影响.研究结果表明:随着叶轮出口宽度的增大,扬程、轴功率均有不同程度的上升,效率曲线呈驼峰状,说明叶轮出口存在一个最佳宽度使流动损失最小;增大叶轮出口宽度,流道内脱流现象增强,流道内的堵塞现象减弱,水力损失降低,说明合适的叶轮出口宽度对于减少离心泵能量损失是有效果的;随着叶轮出口宽度的递减,轴频峰值变化明显,呈递增趋势,这表明叶轮出口宽度过窄容易导致流道堵塞,阻碍流态的发展,同时,叶轮出口宽度对离心泵内的压力脉动也具有较大的影响.

Effect of impeller exit width on performance and pressure fluctuation of centrifugal pump

Taking a single-stage end-suction centrifugal pump as study object and assuring the inlet and outlet setting angle and diameter and as well as other parameters unchanged, five sets of pump models with different outlet width of impeller were designed respectively, their numerical simulation was carried out one after another and the influence of impeller outlet width on the performance and pressure fluctuation was analyzed. It was shown by the study result that with the increase of impeller outlet width, the lift and shaft power would increase to different extent, the efficiency curve would be hump shaped, indicating that there would be an optimum impeller outlet width to make the flow loss minimum; increasing the width of the impeller outlet, flow separation phenomenon in flow channel would be enhanced, blocking phenomenon there would decrease hydraulic loss would decrease thereby, indicating that an appropriate width of impeller outlet would be effective for reducing the energy loss of centrifugal pump. With progressive decrease of impeller outlet width, the shaft frequency peak would change obviously, assuming progressive increase trend, indicating that an excessive narrow impeller outlet width would easily lead to flow blocking in flow passage and hinder the development of the flow mode, At the same time, the impeller outlet width would also have a greater effect on pressure pulsation in centrifugal pump.