基于时延估计的麦克风阵列一致性分析

基于麦克风阵列的声源定位技术广泛应用于现场录音及会议通信等领域.常用的麦克风阵列声源定位技术中,时延估计是一种硬件成本低、计算量小且易于实现的算法.影响麦克风阵列时延估计的因素很多,麦克风阵列阵元的一致性性能是其中之一.基于相位变换的广义互相关算法,提出了一种新的麦克风阵列阵元一致性估计指标.构建3组阵元一致性指标不同的麦克风阵列,开展了对实际声源的角度估计.计算麦克风阵列对声源角度的估计时延和声源角度的理想时延之间的差值,建立了其与声源角度估计误差的方差关系,提出了基于时延估计误差的麦克风阵列阵元一致性估计指标,并验证了该指标在麦克风阵列阵元选择上的实际指导意义.

Analysis on Microphone Array Consistency Based on Time Delay

Sound source localization technology based on microphone array is widely used in live recording,conference communication and other fields.Time-delay estimation is a low-cost,low-computation and easy-to-implement algorithm for microphone array source localization.There are many factors that affect the estimation of microphone array delay,and the consistent performance of microphone arrays is one factor.Based on the generalized cross-correlation algorithm of phase transformation,a new index for consistency estimation of microphone arrays is proposed.Three sets of microphone arrays with different consistency indexes are constructed,and the angle estimation of the actual sound source is carried out.The difference between the estimated delay of the microphone array and the ideal delay of the sound source angle is calculated,and the variation relationship between the difference and the sound source angle estimation error is established,and the microphone array element based on the delay estimation error is proposed.And the practical significance of this index in microphone array array element selection is verified.