论专制皇权制度下的明代阁辅严嵩

严嵩是明代官僚士大夫中较有作为的一个。在专制皇权制度下，严嵩被迫与群臣一样献媚君上，对世宗的失德失政行为不敢大胆诛阻，甚至被迫代为推行，但在一些关系国计民生的重大问题上，严嵩时常委婉地提出自己不同的见解，并取得了良好的效果。在世宗沉迷声色不理朝政的情况下，严嵩并没有象其它许多官僚士大夫一样碌碌无为，甚至愤而辞官离去，而是恪守忠君之道，代行积极有为之政。他倡导节俭，与民休息，反对大兴土木，御虏抗倭，为明王朝惨淡经营了二十年。由于严嵩要有所作为，就必然要干预六部的事务，尽管他始终小心谨滇，仍不可避免地触犯了皇权，而遭到群臣的非议弹劾，当年老不济时，即被专制皇帝无情地抛弃。

On Yan Song, minister of the Ming Dynasty under the autocratic monarch system

Yan Song was the scholar official with the highest attainments in the Ming Dynasty.Under the autocratic monarch system,he was forced to ingratiate himself with the emperor along with other officials and lost courage to admonish the emperor not to do misconduct so much so that he implemented misconduct on the emperor's behalf.But on the great matter concerning the national economy and people's livelihood,Yan Song often put forward different ideas in a tactful way and obtained good result.Under the conditions that the emperor did not handle state affairs,he stuck to the principle of being loyal to the monarch and took active measures,unlike those bureaucratic officials who led a vain and humdrum life and even resigned.He advocated thrift and peace and opposed going in for large-scale construction and fought against aggressors.He served the Ming Dynasty for 20 years.Because he wanted to get the highest attainments,he certainly interfered in the affairs of Six Boards.Although he was careful and scrupulous,he inevitably offended the monarch power and was impeached by officials.When he was old,was abandoned by the emperor.