中国天文气象条件的地域分布

利用中国气象局国家气象信息中心气象资料室整编的,中国756个基本、基准气象站以及2425个基本、基准和一般气象站,1961～2008年气候资料年值数据集和月值数据集中的云量、水汽、地面风速等气象要素,依据优良天文台址的气象条件,将全国划分为10个天文气候区,并利用夜间云量对这10个区域的优劣进行验证.结果表明:藏西南狮泉河、改则地区的天文气候条件最优;40°N纬度带附近次之;我国江南华南、四川盆地以及青藏高原东南部林芝地区的天文气候条件较差;其余地区如新疆西部、青藏高原北部和南部、横断山脉及云南西部、东北东部和北部、华北南部和黄淮流域的气候条件居中.

Climate regionalization in China for astronomical observations

The cloud amount, vapor pressure and surface wind were analyzed by using the yearly and monthly data sets for the period of 1961–2008 from 756 or 2425 principal, reference and ordinary climatological stations.The ten astro-climate regions are divided according to meteorological conditions for astronomical site survey.And the ten regions are verified by nocturnal cloud amount.The results show that the astrometeorological conditions of southwest Tibet is the best, followed up by 40°N latitude band; South of Yangzi River, South China, the Sichuan basin as well as Nyingchi area in southeast of Tibet Plateau have worse astrometeorological conditions; the conditions of other regions, like west of Xinjiang, north and south of Tibet Plateau, Hengduan Mountains and west of Yunnan province, Huang-Huai basin and so on, are just all right.