预处理对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织形成的影响

研究了种子预处理及生长素质量浓度对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织形成及种子碳水化合物和蛋白质降解的影响。结果表明：１）在２，４－Ｄ质量浓度为８ｍｇ／Ｌ时发芽率最低，出愈率最高。２）低温处理促进冀麦３６种子萌发，抑制其愈伤组织的形成；而对河农３２６种子萌发及愈伤组织形成无明显影响；引起河农３２６种子淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性显著增加。３）ＣａＣｌ２处理促进冀麦３６、河农３２６种子萌发，但抑制其愈伤组织形成，使河农３２６种子淀粉酶活性显著增加。４）ＰＥＧ处理促进冀麦３６、河农３２６种子萌发，抑制河农３２６愈伤组织形成，但对冀麦３６愈伤组织形成无明显影响，并明显引起河农３２６种子淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性升高。

Effect of Seed Pretreatment on Callus Formation of Wheat Mature Embryo

Effect of seed pretreatments and auxin mass concentrations on callus formation of wheat mature embryo and degradation of seed carbohydrate and protein was investigated. The results showed that:1) Germination of wheat seed of Henong 326 reached the minimum when cultured in LS medium with 8.0 mg/L 2,4-D, but the formation of callus reached the maximum. 2) Low temperature pretreatment promoted seed germination of Jimai 36 and retarded the formation of the callus, but had no influence in those of Henong 326, it also had no significant effect on the activity of amylase or proteinase in seeds of Henong 326. 3) Pretreatment of CaCl2 promoted the seed germination of both Jimai 36 and Henong 326, but inhibited their callus formation and activity of amylase in seeds of Henong 326. The activity of proteinase in seeds of Henong 326 was not influenced by CaCl2 pretreatment significantly. 4) PEG pretreatment promoted the seed germination of both Jimai 36 and Henong 326 and the activity of amylase or proteinase in seeds of Henong 326, but retarded the callus formation of Henong 326. The callus formation of Jimai 36 was not influenced by PEG pretreatment obviously.