3种促生有益微生物在上海梨树上的应用

【目的】探究有益促生微生物对梨树生长的影响,并分析其对梨树果实和土壤有效磷的影响,为促生有益微生物作为新型生物肥料在林业上推广应用提供理论依据。【方法】对每棵树采用每次根施800 mL稀释液(含100 mL原液)的方式,将吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia pyrrocinia)JK-SH007菌株、根围促生解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)FZB42菌株和水拉恩氏菌(Rahnella aquatilis)JZ-GX1菌株等3种促生有益微生物应用于上海地区生长的梨树上,比较分析它们在促进梨树生长、提升叶片生理指标(叶片的叶绿素含量和叶片组织中的含水率)、增加树体根际土壤有效磷含量,提高果实品质(果实的平均单果质量和可溶性固形物含量)中的作用。【结果】施菌处理8个月后,3种菌剂均可以明显地增加梨树的地径,以施用JK-SH007菌剂的效果最为显著,可以使地径增加0.34 cm; 施菌剂处理5个月后,3种菌剂可提高梨树叶片中叶绿素含量和叶片含水率,且以JZ-GX1菌剂的提高最为显著,可以使叶片中叶绿素含量(以SPAD值表示)增加1.8,使叶片含水率增加3.4%; 施菌处理8个月后,3种菌剂可增加根际土壤的有效磷含量,以施用JK-SH007的土壤增加最多,增加了42.9 mg/kg。施用JK-SH007菌剂可以显著增加6年生梨的平均单果质量,JK-SH007与FZB42菌剂能显著增加6年生梨的可溶性固形物含量。【结论】JK-SH007菌株对梨树具有促进树体生长、提高叶片叶绿素含量和叶片组织含水率、增加根际土壤有效磷含量、增加果实产量和可溶性固形物含量的作用; 相比其他两种促生微生物,JK-SH007菌株在6年生梨树上促生效果更好。

An application of three somatotrophic bacteria on pear in Shanghai

Objective] In order to provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of beneficial microorganisms as a new type of bio-fertilizer in forestry,the effect of beneficial microorganisms on pear tree growth was explored,and the effects of beneficial microorganisms on pear fruits and available P in rhizosphere soil were analyzed.Method] For each tree,use 800 mL dilutions (containing 100 mL of liquid stock) to irrigate root,Burkholderia pyrrocinia JK-SH007,the rhizosphere bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42,and the aquatic umaine bacteria Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 have been shown to promote the growth of pear trees,improve leaf physiological indices (leaf moisture and chlorophyll contents),increase effective phosphorus levels in the rhizosphere,and improve fruit quality (average fruit weight and soluble solids content).Result] Eight months after root irrigation,all three bacteria can significantly increased the ground diameter of pear trees,with JK-SH007 having the greatest effect and more increased the ground diameter 0.34 cm.Five months after root irrigation,all three bacteria improved the leaf moisture and chlorophyll contents,with JZ-GX1 having the most significant effect and more improved the leaf moisture and chlorophyll contents as 1.SSPAD and 3.4 ％.Eight months later,the three bacterial agents had increased the effective phosphorus of the rhizosphere of pear trees,with JK-SH007 having the greatest effect and more increased the effective phosphorus of the rhizosphere 42.9mg/kg.The application of JK-SH007 significantly increased the average single fruit weight for application to six-year-old pear trees,whereas JK-SH007 and FZB42 significantly improved the soluble solids content of the fruit.Conclusion] The present study indicates that the application of JK-SH007 promotes pear tree growth and increases leaf moisture and chlorophyll contents,available P in rhizosphere soil,fruit yield,and the effect of soluble solids content.Of the three strains examined,JK-SH007 was the most suitable for application to six-year-old pear trees.