不同产地南方红豆杉育种亲本叶绿素含量及荧光参数差异分析

【目的】准确选配南方红豆杉优良杂交育种亲本,高效地开展杂交育种试验。【方法】以30个不同产地南方红豆杉雌雄育种亲本为材料,测定了树高和胸径等生长性状以及叶绿素含量,并通过IMAGING-PAM荧光成像系统测定了PSⅡ叶绿素荧光参数,分析了亲本间生长性状、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数差异。【结果】南方红豆杉育种亲本树高、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数在产地间具有显著差异,而在性别间仅实际量子产量Y(Ⅱ)、调节性能量耗散的量子产量Y(NPQ)、q_P和F_v/F_m存在显著差异。从变异系数来看,亲本个体间表型性状变异超过15%。对比南方红豆杉雌雄株PSⅡ反应中心的光能利用效率发现,雌株的Y(Ⅱ)、q_P和F_v/F_m参数分别显著高出雄株的11.30%、4.28%和4.11%,雄株的Y(NPQ)较雌株则显著高出12.95%。光能分配模式方面,雌株吸收的光能41%用于光化学反应,而雄株仅37%。在欧氏距离为8处,表型聚类将南方红豆杉育种亲本划分为4个类群。其中第Ⅰ类表型性状表现一般,但PSⅡ光合效率优良; 第Ⅱ类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均最差; 第Ⅲ类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均较好; 第IV类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均最优。【结论】南方红豆杉雌株表型生长不如雄株,但PSⅡ反应中心光合效率高于雄株,可能与其具更大的生殖成本有关。南方红豆杉亲本类群中表型生长越优良,其PSⅡ指示光合效率的荧光参数越高,说明叶绿素荧光参数在一定程度上可以反映该亲本的生长状况,能为优良杂交育种亲本选配提供辅助参考。

The variation in chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters of Taxus wallichiana var.mairei breeding parents from different locations

Objective] The objective of this study was to accurately select excellent cross breeding parents of Taxus wallichiana var.mairei and efficiently conduct hybrid breeding tests.Method] In this paper,growth traits and chlorophyll content of parents were measured and fluorescence parameters were investigated by IMAGING-PAM.Differences in growth characters,chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of female and male parents from 30 locations were analyzed.Result] The height,chlorophyll content,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of breeding parents were significantly different among locations,but only Y(Ⅱ),Y(NPQ),qP and Fv/Fm were significantly different between genders.The coefficient of variation of growth traits was more than 15％.The energy efficiency of female and male PS Ⅱ reaction centers were compared and Y(Ⅱ),qP and Fv/Fm of females were 11.30％,4.28％ and 4.11％ higher than those of males,respectively.However,the male Y(NPQ) was significantly higher (12.95％) than that of the females.Regarding light energy allocation mode,41％ light energy was used in the photochemical reaction in females,and 37％ in males.The Euclidean distance was eight,and breeding parents were divided into four groups based on phenotypic traits.The phenotypic traits of breeding parents from group Ⅰ were medium,but photosynthetic efficiency of PS Ⅱ was substantial.The phenotypic traits and PS Ⅱ photosynthetic efficiency of group Ⅱ were the worst,whereas group Ⅲ phenotypic traits and photosynthetic efficiency were better,and the phenotypic traits and PS] photosynthetic efficiency of the last group were excellent.Conclusion] The growth traits of the females were lower than those of males,but the photosynthetic efficiency of their PSⅡ reaction centers was higher than that of males.This may be related to greater reproductive costs in females.On the other hand,the growth traits of breeding parents were very good,and the fluorescence parameters that represent photosynthetic efficiency of PSⅡ were higher.This indicated that chlorophyll fluorescence parameters could reflect the growth status of the parents to some degree.