济南市地下水补给区景观格局研究

根据景观生态学的相关理论，认为在大尺度上景观格局是产生水土流失的主要原因．通过对3个区域景观类型、地形梯度等方面的相关指标分别计算，结果发现，近郊地区受城市扩张的影响，人为干扰最强，工矿企业多，总体景观格局的防蚀效果最差；南北沙河地区，山间谷地宽阔，农业活动频繁，景观格局的防蚀效果较近郊地区稍好；三川地区地形起伏变化最大，山高坡陡，人为干扰少，生态状况良好，景观格局防蚀效果最好．为维护景观整体生态的良性发展，并将其与人类的生存与发展相协调起来，针对不同的区域特征，在极有限地调整或增加自然植被面积的条件下，主要通过合理调整景观格局和增加自然景观间的生态联通程度，使景观格局得到优化。

STUDY ON LANDSCAPE PATTERN IN GROUNDWATER SUPPLY DISTRICT OF JINAN CITY

The theory of landscape ecology considers landscape pattern as the main reason for soil and water loss on large scale.By computing landscape indices concerning landscape type,terrain gradient and comparing them among the three areas,the result indicates that:In Suburb area,where artifical disturbance is acute,there is the largest number of factories and mines and soil and water loss is most serious by the influence of city spreading,so anti-erosion effect of landscape pattern is the worst in this area.With broad valleys between mountains.Shahe area is predominant by agricultural landscape and anti-erosion effect is better than Suburb area.Three-valley area,with higher mountains and steeper slopes,is slightly disturbed by human activity,so there is fine eco-environmention and it has the best effect of anti-erosion.As a result,from Suburb area to Shahe area and then to Three-valley area.the landscape pattern becomes better which leads to lower intensity of soil and water loss.In order to sustain the eco-environment developing in positive direction and to make it compatible with human life and economy development.right measures aiming at different territorial characteristics should be taken.Under the precondition of enhancing vegetation coverage,the main measure is optimizing landscape pattern and improving connectivity between natural landscapes.