基于仿真的深埋地铁车站疏散时间研究

随着地铁车站的埋深深度日益增加，车站的安全疏散风险增大。本文从站型结构、疏散安全区、车站疏散设施、客流规模和疏散引导等方面，分析了影响深埋地铁车站人员疏散时间的因素。针对紧急疏散场景，构建深埋地铁车站网络模型和疏散行为模型。以北京某在建深埋地铁车站为例，通过模型校验，利用轨道交通乘客集散仿真系统对该站疏散时间进行测算，并将测算结果与理论计算疏散时间对比，结果显示所有乘客能够在5.5 min内从站台疏散至安全区域，符合规范要求。本文研究结果表明采用的系统能够用于深埋地铁车站的疏散时间研究。

Simulation based evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations

Safe evacuation risk gradually increases with the increase of buried depth of metro stations. We analyze the impact of station structure, evacuation safe zone, evacuation facilities, passenger flow volume and evacuation guidance on passenger evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations. We also construct a network model and an evacuation model of deeply buried metro stations for emergency evacuation scenario. We eventually employ urban rail transit passenger evacuation simulation system to calculate passenger evacuation time of a deeply buried metro station through model validation, taking a Beijing constructing deeply buried metro station as a case.Simulation result is compared with theoretically calculated evacuation time. Results show that all passengers can be evacuated to security areas from platforms within 5 minutes, consistent with relevant regulations. The simulation system can therefore be applied to the research of evacuation time of deeply buried metro stations.