水力破裂作用及在板中北储气库评价中的应用

在调研大量国内外文献的基础上,对狭义和广义的水力破裂作用进行区分,详细阐述水力破裂的作用过程,划分水力破裂作用的类型,并且推导出发生不同类型水力破裂作用所需的差应力和孔隙流体压力条件,进而得到水力破裂作用的判别准则,分析水力破裂作用的影响因素,系统论述断层水力破裂作用风险性的定量评价方法,指出各种评价方法的优缺点以及适用条件,归纳出各种水力破裂作用定量评价方法的实质。综合考虑各种评价方法的适用条件,运用断层封闭性分析技术(FAST)对板中北储气库的控圈断层进行水力破裂风险性定量评价,确定出板中北储气库的风险部位为板桥断层的控圈高部位,该处发生水力破裂作用所需的孔隙流体压力增加量为2.99 MPa,为板中北储气库进行安全注采提供科学依据。希望本文系统的论述能够对流体运移、油气保存、油气田安全开采以及储气库安全运行等方面的研究起到一定的指导意义。

Hydraulic Fracturing and Its Application in the Evaluation of Banzhongbei Gas Storage

Based on reviewing volumes of internal and external literatures, this paper makes a distinction between narrowly defined and generalized hydraulic fracturing. This paper detailedly describes the process of hydraulic fracturing. This paper classifies by type of hydraulic fracturing. This paper determines differential stress and pore fluid pressure required to induce different types of hydraulic fracturing and then obtains the criteria of hydraulic fracturing. This paper analyzes the influential factors of hydraulic fracturing. This paper systematically discusses various evaluation methods for the risk of hydraulic fracturing and points out the applicable conditions of them. This paper summarizes the essence of various evaluation methods for the risk of hydraulic fracturing. Considering the applicable conditions of various evaluation methods, we use fault analysis seal technology to evaluate hydraulic fracture risk of faults in the Banzhongbei Gas Storage. So we determine the position of the maximal risk for fault is higher part of Banqiao fault and the amount of pore fluid pressure increase required to induce failure for Banqiao fault is 2.99Mpa, providing a scientific basis for safe injection/production of Banzhongbei Gas Storage. We hope this deep work can offer a reference for the future study of hydrocarbon reservation and safety operation of gas storage.