三峡库区水环境现状与对策建议

三峡工程自2003年蓄水发电以来,已经初步显现了防洪、发电和航运等综合效益。长期监测结果表明,三峡库区水污染物排放量稳中有升,库区江段水环境质量基本稳定,总体水质保持在III类水质标准,部分主要城市江段岸边出现污染带,支流部分水域出现“水华”现象。针对未来三峡水库存在水环境风险,建议从技术、管理、投资等方面进一步加强污染源的综合治理,研究并实施环境友好的水库调度措施,正确处理三峡工程运行与水环境保护的关系。

Water Environment Actuality and Protected Countermeasures of Three Gorges Reservoir

Ever since reservoir impoundment and commissioning in 2003,the Three Gorges Project(TGP) has preliminarily demonstrated its role for comprehensive benefits such as flood control, power generation, and navigation improvement. The result of a long-term monitoring shows that pollution discharge into the reservoir slightly increases, that the quality of water environment basically keeps stable, that the overall water quality remains the rating of Class III, that pollution belt emerges along the bank of some cities, and that "water bloom" occurs in some sections of Yangtze tributaries. It is proposed to cope with the risk of water environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in this paper, that pollution sources shall be further treated in terms of technology, management, and investment, and that the measures of environment-friendly reservoir dispatch shall be studied and implemented, as to balance the relationship between TGP operation and water environment protection.