温度变化对摆式陀螺寻北精度的影响

为了分析温度变化对摆式陀螺寻北精度的影响，建立了陀螺悬带随温度变化影响寻北精度的数学模型，在高低温不同条件下进行了仿真实验。首先，根据热膨胀公式得出了悬带扭转系数随温度变化关系，由此建立了零位改正系数受温度变化影响的数学模型。然后，在悬带扭力零位不发生改变的前提下，分跟踪和不跟踪两种情形分析了陀螺寻北精度受到的影响。仿真结果表明，同样的温度变化下，扭力零位和摆动中心的夹角越小，精度受到的影响越小；当温度变化60 ℃、夹角为30′时，精度受到的影响最大可达15″，最小为5.3″。尽量减小扭力零位和摆动中心的夹角能有效地减小温度变化对精度的影响。

Effect of temperature variation on the north-finding accuracy of the pendulous gyroscope

In order to analyze the effect of temperature variation on the north finding accuracy of the pendulous gyroscope, a mathematical model of the suspension tape of the pendulous gyro north finder affecting the north finding accuracy with changes of temperature is established, and different simulation experiments under high and low temperature conditions are accomplished. Firstly, due to the formula of thermal expansion, the relationship between the coefficient of torsion of the suspension tape and temperature variation is obtained, thereby a mathematical model of the effect of temperature variation on the zero position correction coefficient is established. Then, under the premise that the torsion zero of the suspension tape does not change, the effect on north-finding accuracy of the gyroscope is analyzed in two cases of tracking and no-tracking. The simulation experiments indicate that, under the same temperature variation, the smaller the angle of torsion zero and the swing center is, the smaller the effect on accuracy is. When temperature variation is 60 ℃ and the angle is 30′, the effect is up to 15 ″ at most, and 5.3″ at least. Minimizing the angle of torsion zero and the swing center can effectively reduce the effect of temperature variation on accuracy.