Immune suppression by neutrophils and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells: similarities and differences |
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Authors: | Janesh Pillay Tamar Tak Vera M. Kamp Leo Koenderman |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, HP. E 03.511, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands 2. Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract: | Neutrophils are essential effector cells in the host defense against invading pathogens. Recently, novel neutrophil functions have emerged in addition to their classical anti-microbial role. One of these functions is the suppression of T cell responses. In this respect, neutrophils share similarities with granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs). In this review, we will discuss the similarities and differences between neutrophils and G-MDSCs. Various types of G-MDSCs have been described, ranging from immature to mature cells shaping the immune response by different immune suppressive mechanisms. However, all types of G-MDSCs share distinct features of neutrophils, such as surface markers and morphology. We propose that G-MDSCs are heterogeneous and represent novel phenotypes of neutrophils, capable of suppressing the immune response. In this review, we will attempt to clarify the differences and similarities between neutrophils and G-MDSCs and attempt to facilitate further research. |
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