解磷细菌对难溶磷肥的解磷效率比较

 磷元素是植物生长必需的大量营养元素之一,土壤中磷素的固定现象严重,有效磷含量降低,影响植物的生长发育。解磷细菌能将基质中难溶性磷转化为可溶性磷,能够提高土壤中有效磷含量。通过玉米盆栽实验,比较不同菌株及其联合作用对土壤中难溶磷肥的释放及对植物生长的影响。结果表明,丛枝菌根与解磷细菌联合作用显著地提高了植物地上、地下的生物量,能够高效地释放出沙土中添加的难溶性磷肥,使土壤有效磷含量增加;沙土的pH值被提高到接近中性,使酸性磷酸酶活性升高,促进有机营养物质转化为无机物,更易被植物吸收利用;接种菌根可以显著提高根系的侵染率和菌丝密度,能够扩大根系的吸收面积,改善根际土壤的环境,达到促进植物生长的目的。利用丛枝菌根真菌和解磷细菌进行微生物复垦,对沙化贫瘠土地的生态修复具有重大意义。

Phosphate Efficiency Comparison of Phosphorus-Solubilizing Bacteria on Insoluble Phosphorus

Phosphorus is one of essential elements of a large number of nutrients for the plant growth. The soil contains a lot of insoluble phosphate. When available phosphorus is reduced, the plant growth and development would be affected. Solubilizing bacteria could change the insoluble phosphate into soluble phosphorus in order to increase available phosphorus in the soil. Through the corn pot experiment, the different strains named Glomus aggregatum(G.a) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from Coal fly Ash (CA), their join effects on the release of insoluble phosphate contained by the land, and the effect on plant growth are compared. The results show that the join effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria significantly increases the plants' aboveground and underground biomass; they efficiently release the insoluble phosphate from adding sand to increase available phosphorus content in the soil; pH is increased from acid to neutral; they increase the activity of acid phosphatase, convert organic nutrients into inorganic one, and make them easily absorb by plants; mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increases root colonization and hyphal density, expands root absorption area, and improves the environment of the rhizosphere soil in order to achieve the purpose for promoting plant growth. Microbial reclamation conducted by arbuscular mycorrhizal and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is of great significance to the ecological restoration of desertified barren land.