用于静摩擦力计算的接触界面势能模型

为从理论上直接计算光滑接触平面的静摩擦力和静摩擦系数，从微观上探讨了同种金属材料摩擦副静摩擦力产生的机制，利用金属晶体的强体积效应特征构造出简化计算静摩擦力的接触界面势能模型，根据通用粘附能量函数计算接触界面势能的变化，利用能量原理计算出静摩擦力和静摩擦系数，并建立静摩擦力与固体表面能、材料微观结构参数等的关系．利用已有的试验数据进行计算，其结果具有明显的规律性，并且与超高真空原子力显微镜观察到的铜试样的试验结果吻合较好，表明所提出的方法可行．由于表面能可以灵敏地反映摩擦接触界面的状况，采用所提出的方法有望提高计算精度．

Potential Model of Contact Surfaces for Calculating Static Friction Force

A simplified potential model of contact surfaces, which is based on the strong volume-dependent characteristic of metal, is established to calculate the static friction force and the coefficient of two flat surfaces made of the same metal and to explain the origin of static friction force. The static friction force and the coefficient are then calculated according to the principle of energy, and the potential change of the contact surfaces is obtained by a universal adhesive energy function. Moreover, the relationships between the static friction force and the parameters of a tribo-system, such as the surface energy, the micro-structural parameters of material, etc. , are revealed. The results of the calculation using some known experimental data demonstrate apparent regularity and are proved to be consistent with the experimental results of copper specimen carried out by an ultra high-vacuum atomic-force microscope, thus illustrating the feasibility of the proposed method. It is concluded that, as the surface energy can reflect the status of contact surfaces sensitively, the proposed method may improve the accuracy of friction calculation.