吉林省蚂蚁资源及其开发利用问题

在吉林省共获蚂蚁１８种，分隶于２亚科、１０属。优势种为黄墩蚁、异色草蚁、路舍蚁和双针蚁。可利用的资源种类主要有阿基隆林蚁、鼎突多刺蚁、日本弓背蚁、黄墩蚁、异色草蚁和血红林蚁等。蚂蚁机体富含蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、微量元素及多种生物活性物质，具有较高的食用、药用价值。

The Problems on Exploiting and Utilizing the Ant Resources in Jilin Province

In Jilin Province,since 1979, totally 36 field spots have been investigated and 18 species of ants, which belongs to 2 Subfamilies, 10 Genus, have been collected of them, Camponotus japonicus and Tetramorium caespitum distribute widely in whole Jilin Province, and Formica aquilonia,F.rufa,Pristomyrmex pungens distribute in western grassland region;The dominant species are Lasius flavus, L.alienus,Tetramorium caespitum and Pristomyrmex pungens;Polyrhachis vicina and P.lamellidens are introductory species which is introduced from southern region of China. In Jilin Province, the main resource species of ant which can be currently utilized are Formica aquilonia,Polyrhachis vicina, Camponotus japonicus,Lasius flavus, L.alienus and Formica sanguinea etc.. Through testing and analysis, It has been found that the ant body contains plentiful proteins, amino acids, vitamins, phosphatides, trace elements and various biotic active substances, which are greatly beneficial to mankind as a kind of high-class healthful food or drug. It has been demonstrated that (1) ant can strenthen sexual capacity;(2) ant is a kind of wide-spectrum immunity enhancing dose and immunity adjusting dose.(3) a kind of effective anti-aging dose.(4) a kind of anti-fatigue and stamina inhancing dose. Ant is a sort of ideal and abundant animal food and drug resource. Currently, some problems exist in the exploitation and utilization of ant resource in Jilin Province.(1) The pillaging-style's gather and collection way that has destroyed the ant population and its inhabitating environment will result in the population extinction and the resource exhaustation.(2) It is a great waste of ant resource that the whole body of ant is used or exported directly as a kind of raw materials or processed roughly.