江苏省公路集装箱运输燃油效率评价

采用非期望产出的松弛测度(SBM-Undesirable)模型,选取柴油量和汽油量作为投入指标,公路集装箱运输量作为期望产出指标,碳排放量作为非期望产出指标,构建公路集装箱运输燃油效率评价模型.在此基础上,对2003—2014年间江苏省公路集装箱运输燃油效率进行评价.研究结果表明,燃油效率高低顺序依次为苏南、苏北和苏中地区.研究时段综合燃油效率总体偏低,呈现波动下降态势,从2003年的0.643 5波动变化到2014年的0.611 6.纯技术效率与综合效率的变化特征大致相同,均呈现下降态势,而规模效率呈现波动上涨趋势,总体上,规模效率纯技术效率综合效率.纯技术效率、规模效率与综合效率的相关系数分别为0.962和0.841,表明综合效率偏低的主要因素是纯技术效率较低.最后,从技术层面与政策层面提出江苏省公路集装箱运输燃油效率改善途径,以期为公路运输能源管理提供参考依据.

Evaluation of Fuel-Consumption Efficiency of Highway Container Transportation in Jiangsu Province

In this paper, the SBM undesirable model is used to construct the evaluation model of fuel efficiency in road container transportation, which takes diesel and gasoline as input indicators, road container transportation as expected output indicators, and carbon emissions as undesired output indicators. Afterwards, the fuel efficiency evaluation of highway container transportation in Jiangsu Province from 2003 to 2014 is conducted. The results manifest that the fuel efficiency in southern Jiangsu is the highest, followed by that in northern Jiangsu, and central Jiangsu. The comprehensive fuel efficiency value is generally low, which shows a downward trend of fluctuation, from 0.643 5 in 2003 to 0.611 6 in 2014. The change characteristics of technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency are basically the same, and the efficiency values show a declining state, while the scale efficiency shows a rising trend. Generally speaking, the scale efficiency is greater than the technical efficiency and greater than comprehensive efficiency. The correlation coefficients of technical efficiency, scale efficiency and comprehensive efficiency are 0.962 and 0.841, respectively, indicating that the main factor for low comprehensive efficiency is its low technical efficiency. Finally, from technical and policy aspects, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the fuel efficiency of highway container transportation, so as to provide reference for highway transportation energy management.