能耗均衡的非均匀分簇多跳路由协议

针对无线传感器网络能耗不均衡的问题, 提出一种非均匀分簇多跳路由协议ECBUC(Energy Consumption Balanced Unequal Clustering)。在簇首预选阶段引入能量因子, 使高能量节点参选的可能性增大; 分簇阶段通过竞争算法将网络划分为面积不均等的簇, 从而改善无线传感器网络的“热区冶问题; 在簇间路通过形成阶段给
出综合考虑中间节点的相对位置和剩余能量的评价指标, 协调了簇间通信的代价和网络的能量分布。经过仿真实验, ECBUC 协议可有效地均衡网络能耗, 与EEUC(Energy Efficient Uneven Clustering)协议相比, 使网络的生命周期平均延长了22. 29%, 提升了网络性能。

Multi-Hop Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Energy Consumption Balance

In order to balance energy consumption of WSN( Wireless Sensor Network ),a multi-hop unequal clustering routing protocol,ECBUC( Energy Consumption Balanced Unequal Clustering),was put forward. By adopting an energy factor in the primary stage of cluster-head selection,the possibility of high-energy node being elected increased. Using competition algorithm in clustering stage,the network area was divided into unequal area and the“hot spots”problem of wireless sensor network could be improved. When building a routing between clusters,ECBUC considered the relative position and residual energy of the intermediate nodes. It could coordinate the communication cost between clusters and the energy distribution of the network. Experimental results show that compared with EEUC ( Energy Efficient Uneven Clustering ) the ECBUC protocol greatly prolongs the lifetime of network by an average of 22. 29%,and balances the network energy consumption.