水资源约束下的典型干旱区农业水土平衡研究

随着经济的发展,人类活动直接或间接地改变着土地利用方式和土地覆被结构,进而改变水资源分配,影响了绿洲内部的生态环境和过程。策勒绿洲土地资源丰富,光照充足,但是水土资源利用不平衡,可利用的水资源量并不多,可用水的缺乏造成土地的开荒—撂荒—开荒的反复,使得策勒绿洲耕地面积波动较大。日益膨胀的绿洲过度耗水,进一步影响到绿洲外围山区水源区环境,造成荒漠水分不足,影响植被生长。通过对农业水土资源利用的研究,简析了水土平衡的重要意义,为策勒绿洲水土资源合理开发利用提供依据。图1,表4,参3。

The Study on Balance of Water and Land of Typical Areas under Restraint of Water Resources-Taking Qira as an Example

Water resource restricts strictly the existence and development of Qira oasis.It has significant influences on the scale rank,function characteristic,spatial distribution,and eco-environment of oasis cities and towns.The Qira oasis has enormous potentiality for exploiting water resource,and has the superiority to increase the cereal production.However,due to the unbalance of water and soil resources,the use water resources volume is not certainly much.The oasis that swells day by day,the expansion cause a series of eco-environments change,excessively consume water,it is influence the environment deterioration of district of peripheral source of water of mountain area in the oasis,influence the vegetation to grow.The author discussed these questions about the utilization of water and land resources and put forward his viewpoint and attitude.The result illustrate that the oasis interior are excessively use up the water,mainly on the agriculture,which result in the water resources absence.At present, the utilization of water resources in Qira is only in an inefficient level,and the pace of constructing irrigation works must be quickened so as to achieve the rational and efficient utilization of water resources as early as possible.Therefore,we must pay attention to the water resources protection for the water and land sustainable development in Qira.