干旱区典型绿洲土地利用动态变化分析——以且末绿州为例

文章以干旱区典型的条带状绿洲一且末绿洲为例，以1972年MSS、1990年TM、2000年和2005年ETM＋遥感影像为数据源．结合野外考察数据，选择适宜的分类指标体系，对遥感图像进行了监督分类，并获得了研究区土地利用／覆盖转移矩阵。研究结果表明，近33年来耕地面积一直呈现出增加的趋势，增加了92．588km^2，耕地面积的增加量主要是由草地和林地的转化而来，是增加最快的土地利用类型；林地和草地面积一直呈逐渐减少的趋势，其中减少最多的土地类型是林地，减少了65．641km^2，林地面积的减少由林地转移草地、水体和耕地的比例超过草地转移林地的比例而引起；草地面积减少了62．01km^2，这主要是由一部分草地转移耕地、一部分转移未利用地而引起；水域面积总体上有增加趋势，增加了22．073km^2，这主要由草地和未利用地转移水体而引起；未利用地变化幅度不大，有缓慢增加的趋势，增加了13．105km^2。

Analysis on Dynamic Change of Land Use in Typical Arid Region Oasis -- A Case Study of Qerqen Oasis

Qerqan Oasis-a typical Oasis in arid area was chosen as an example, the remote sensing images of MSS in 1972, TM in 1990, ETM＋ in 2000 and 2005 were used as major data sources, be combined with fieldwork data, the appropriate disaggregated indicators system was selected to classify the images, and classified the images, and then obtained the different types of land use / cover transition matrix. The results showed that the cultivated area had been showing an increasing trend in the last 33 years, it was increased 92. 588km^2 , the increase of the cultivated land is mainly from the conversion of grassland and woodland, the cultivated land is the fastest growing land use type. Woodland and grassland had been gradually decreasing trend, and most reduced land type was the forest land, it was decreased 65. 641km^2. This was mainly caused by the conversion proportion area of woodland to the grassland,water land and cultivated land was much faster than grass land conversion to the forestland. Grass land decreased 62. 01km^2, and it was mainly from the conversion of grass land to the cultivated land and rare land. The water area had been showing an increasing trend, it is increased 22. 073km^2, and the increase of water land was mainly from the conversion of grass land and rare land to the water land. Rare land had a little increasing trend, and it was increased 13. 105km^2.