采用卡环轴向定位轿车轮毂轴承的失效特性与机理

通过对１１种共１３００个具有不同定位间隙的失效轴承的统计分析发现，轴承主要失效形式是滚道表面的等间距栅条状剥落以及局部冲击损伤。结合对轮毂轴承装配结构及轿车运行过程中的动力学分析，提出了基于轴向窜动幅值和轴向窜动频率的失效机理模型；轴承外圈轴向定位间隙的存在，为轴承在座孔内的往复窜动冲击提供了可能条件；轴向窜动周期与滚动体转过相邻周向间周期的关系，决定了道表面的周向累积损伤条间隔的密芳及其产严重程

On Failure Mechanisms of Automobile Wheel Bearings Axially Located with Stabilizing Rings

To accountforthespecific failure forms of the bearings,a failuremechanism model based on ax- ial traverse amplitude and frequency was put foward through the analysis of the bearing's location condi- tion and the automobile's dynamics.Itincludes the following points:The bearing's to- and- fro traverse in the bearing's house is inevitable because of the axial location clearance among the bearing,the house,and the stabilizing rings,which resultin theadditional axial dynamicloads.The largerthe clearance,thehigh- er the dynamic loads.When the axial traverse period of the whole bearing is coincided with the revolution period of certain rollercovering circumferential intervals of the rollers,the serious grating flakes will take place with the grating number equal to the roller number.The period difference between axial traverse of the bearing and the circumferential revolution of the rollers will disperse the axial dynamic loads to more flake gratings,resulting in the mild damage of the bearing.The bearing with both large clearance of itself and large axial traverse clearance of the outer ring will suffer from impacting pits on raceway by roller ends.It is suggested that the axial location clearance of bearing outer ring should be minimized provided the assembly reliability can be reached.